Ubuntu 22.04 - APT Repository 사용법
Repository Component 종류
Ubuntu 에서 사용되는 Repository Component 는 아래와 같습니다.
Main: Ubuntu 무료 및 오픈소스 소프트웨어Universe: Linux 커뮤니티의 무료 및 오픈소스 소프트웨어Restricted: Vender 장치 드라이버 및 소프트웨어Multiverse: 법적 제한(저작권 등)이 있는 소프트웨어
Default Repository
Ubuntu 가 설치되면 기본적으로 아래와 같이 /etc/apt/sources.list 파일로 Repository 가 관리됩니다.
root@u-node-1:/etc/apt/sources.list.d# cat /etc/apt/sources.list | egrep -v "#|^$"
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates main restricted
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates universe
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security main restricted
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security universe
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security multiverse
sources.list 의 구조
sources.list 는 아래와 같은 구조로 작성됩니다.
<package version> <mirror site url> <release code> <repository component, component, component..........>
Package Version 은 deb , deb-i386 , deb-amd64 3가지 Version 이 있습니다.
deb 는 현재 OS Bit (ex. 64bit) 와 일치하는 Package version 을 뜻하며,
deb-i386, deb-amd64 는 각각 32bit, 64bit 를 뜻합니다.
sources.list manual configuration
/etc/apt/sources.list 혹은 /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ 에 위 구조를 참고하여 수동으로 Repository 를 추가하면 됩니다.
아래는 수동으로 카카오 Repository 를 추가한 상태입니다.
root@u-node-1:/etc/apt/sources.list.d# cat /etc/apt/sources.list.d/kr.list
deb https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted
apt-add-repository command 를 이용한 설정
아래 내용은 Command 를 이용하여 Repository 를 관리하는 방법에 대하여 설명하고 있습니다.
현재 Repository 목록
apt-add-repository or add-apt-repository 명령어를 이용하여 확인이 가능합니다.
목록을 확인하는 옵션은 -L 입니다. (Ubuntu 22.04)
root@u-node-1:~# apt-add-repository -L
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy universe main restricted multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates universe main restricted multiverse
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports universe main restricted multiverse
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security universe main restricted multiverse
deb https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu/ jammy main restricted
Repository 추가
-U 옵션을 통해 Repositoty 를 추가 및 업데이트가 가능합니다. (Ubuntu 22.04)
root@u-node-1:~# apt-add-repository -U https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu/
Repository: 'deb https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu/ jammy main'
Description:
Archive for codename: jammy components: main
More info: https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu/
Adding repository.
Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel.
Adding deb entry to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/archive_uri-https_ftp_lanet_kr_ubuntu_-jammy.list
Adding disabled deb-src entry to /etc/apt/sources.list.d/archive_uri-https_ftp_lanet_kr_ubuntu_-jammy.list
Hit:1 https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Get:2 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy InRelease [270 kB]
Get:3 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 Packages [1395 kB]
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Get:5 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/main Translation-en [510 kB]
Hit:6 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Get:7 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [423 kB]
Get:8 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/main DEP-11 48x48 Icons [100.0 kB]
Hit:9 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Get:10 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/main DEP-11 64x64 Icons [148 kB]
Get:11 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/main amd64 c-n-f Metadata [30.3 kB]
Hit:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Fetched 2876 kB in 1s (2090 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
root@u-node-1:~# apt-add-repository -L
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy universe restricted multiverse main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates universe restricted multiverse main
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports universe restricted multiverse main
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security universe restricted multiverse main
deb https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu/ jammy restricted main
deb https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu/ jammy main << "추가된 Repository"
특정 Component 추가
-U 옵션과 -c 옵션을 추가하여 Component 를 추가 할 수 있습니다.
root@u-node-1:~# apt-add-repository -U https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu/ -c multiverse
Repository: 'deb https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu/ jammy multiverse'
Description:
Archive for codename: jammy components: multiverse
More info: https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu/
Adding repository.
Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel.
Archive has template, updating /etc/apt/sources.list
Updating existing entry instead of using /etc/apt/sources.list
Hit:1 https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:2 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Get:3 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/multiverse amd64 Packages [217 kB]
Get:4 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/multiverse Translation-en [112 kB]
Get:5 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/multiverse amd64 DEP-11 Metadata [42.1 kB]
Get:6 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/multiverse DEP-11 48x48 Icons [42.7 kB]
Get:7 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/multiverse DEP-11 64x64 Icons [193 kB]
Get:8 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy/multiverse amd64 c-n-f Metadata [8372 B]
Hit:9 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:10 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:11 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:12 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Fetched 615 kB in 2s (395 kB/s)
Reading package lists... Done
이후 아래와 같이 Component 가 추가 된 것을 확인 할 수 있습니다.
root@u-node-1:~# cat /etc/apt/sources.list | tail -n1
deb https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu/ jammy main multiverse
Repository 제거 (특정 component 제거)
아래와 같이 -r 옵션을 이용하여 Repository 를 제거 할 수 있습니다.
root@u-node-1:~# apt-add-repository -r https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu -c restricted
Repository: 'deb https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu jammy restricted'
Description:
Archive for codename: jammy components: restricted
More info: https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu
Removing repository.
Press [ENTER] to continue or Ctrl-c to cancel.
Disabling deb entry in /etc/apt/sources.list.d/archive_uri-https_mirror_kakao_com_ubuntu-jammy.list
Hit:1 https://mirror.kakao.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:2 https://ftp.lanet.kr/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:3 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-security InRelease
Hit:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy InRelease
Hit:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates InRelease
Hit:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-backports InRelease
Reading package lists... Done
-c 옵션을 추가하면 특정 component 만 제거가 가능합니다.